- 在Ubuntu16版本系统或者其他以前版本系统添加脚本开机自启只需要将脚本内容添加到/etc/rc.local中,但是Ubuntu18.04版本后就不一样了
- Ubuntu18.04 默认是没有
/etc/rc.local
这个文件的,需要自己创建 - systemd 默认读取
/etc/systemd/system
下的配置文件,该目录下的文件会链接/lib/systemd/system/
下的文件。执行 ls /lib/systemd/system
你可以看到有很多启动脚本,其中就有我们需要的 rc.local.service
- 查看
rc.local.service
文件内容
# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+
#
# This file is part of systemd.
#
# systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
# This unit gets pulled automatically into multi-user.target by
# systemd-rc-local-generator if /etc/rc.local is executable.
[Unit]
Description=/etc/rc.local Compatibility
Documentation=man:systemd-rc-local-generator(8)
ConditionFileIsExecutable=/etc/rc.local
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/etc/rc.local start
TimeoutSec=0
RemainAfterExit=yes
GuessMainPID=no
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- 一般正常的启动文件主要分成三部分
[Unit]
段: 启动顺序与依赖关系
[Service]
段: 启动行为,如何启动,启动类型
[Install]
段: 定义如何安装这个配置文件,即怎样做到开机启动 - 可以看出,
rc.local.service
它少了 Install 段,也就没有定义如何做到开机启动,所以显然这样配置是无效的。 因此我们就需要在后面帮他加上 [Install] 段,可以发现rc.local.service
是rc-local.service
文件的链接文件,所以我们只需要修改rc-local.service
文件即可:
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=rc-local.service
操作步骤
- 在
/lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service
文件中添加如下代码:
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=rc-local.service
- 在
/etc/
目录下面创建rc.local
文件,赋予执行权限,
root@dyjc-bmg:/home/vagrant# touch /etc/rc.local
root@dyjc-bmg:/home/vagrant# chmod +x /etc/rc.local
#!/bin/sh -e
#
rc.local
#
This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel.
Make sure that the script will "exit 0" on success or any other
value on error.
#
In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution
bits.
#
By default this script does nothing.
exit 0
- systemd 默认读取
/etc/systemd/system
下的配置文件,将/lib/systemd/system/rc.local.service
链接到/etc/systemd/system
目录
root@dyjc-bmg:/home/vagrant# ln -s /lib/systemd/system/rc.local.service /etc/systemd/system/
注意: 一定要将命令添加在 exit 0
之前